Comparing Electric & Diesel TRUs
The main difference between electric and diesel powered TRU’s is how they are powered. Electric reefers are powered by plugging them into an electric outlet (which is also known as shore power) with energy supplied from the grid. Diesel TRU’s are powered by an internal combustion engine with energy supplied by diesel fuel.
Main Takeaways
- Electric power means no need to fuel the TRU’s.
- Electric power means nearly no maintenance required.
- Electric power means zero emissions.
- Electric power means much less costly to operate.
Initial Investment
Electric Reefers: The purchase price of electric reefers is in the range of $15,000 – $25,000 for widely used commercial units. The cost to install them is typically less than $1000. The shipping cost to most points in North America is under $1000.
Diesel Reefers: The purchase price of electric reefers is in the range of $40,000 depending on capacity and features. The cost to install them is typically less than $2000. The shipping cost to most points in North America is under $1000.
Operating Costs
- Maintenance costs are are 95% lower with electric TRU’s. Electric TRU’s cost about $0.20 per hour to maintain. Diesel TRU’s cost about $2 per engine hour to maintain.
- Energy consumption costs are 75% lower with electric TRU’s. Electric TRU’s cost about $1.00 per hour for electricity. Diesel TRU’s cost about $4.00 per hour for fuel.
- Indirect or management cost is minimal for electric TRU’s as compared to diesel TRU’s which are very problematic for users.
Performance & Reliability
- Performance of electric TRU’s is nearly identical to that of diesel TRU’s. They are designed to maintain temperature set points from -20F to +80F in 53’ refrigerated semi trailers.
- Reliability of electric TRU’s is nearly identical to that of diesel TRU’s that are up to about 5 years old. They are much more reliable than older diesel TRU’s.
Infrastructure Needs
- 3 Phase 50-60 Hertz.
- 230 Volt (range of 220 Volt to 240 Volt) with dedicated 60 amp circuits.
- 460 Volt (range of 440 Volt to 480 Volt) with dedicated 30 amp circuits.
Noise Levels
Noise levels of electric TRU’s are less than that of diesel engine TRU’s. The measured decibels of electric TRU’s is typically in the high 60’s, as compared to the mid 80’s for diesel powered TRU’s. The sound from electric reefers is different though. Because the sound emitted from electric TRU’s is a finer frequency and mostly from air flow, the “noise” impact to people is markedly less with electric TRU’s.
| Category | Electric Reefer Units | Diesel Reefer Units |
|---|---|---|
| Operating Costs | Lower energy costs with electricity; reduced maintenance expenses. | Higher energy costs from fuel; subject to diesel price fluctuations; more frequent maintenance required. |
| Environmental Impact | Zero direct emissions; quieter operation; meets stringent urban regulations; eligible for green incentives | Direct CO₂ and particulate emissions; stricter regulations in urban areas; limited access to clean air zones |
| Performance & Reliability | Consistent cooling performance; precise temperature control. Usable only for stationary trailers. | Proven reliability in extreme conditions; well-established technology. Ability to perform while trailer is moving. |
| Maintenance Requirements | Fewer moving parts; less frequent service intervals; lower long-term maintenance costs | Regular oil changes and filter replacements; more complex mechanical systems; higher maintenance frequency |
| Infrastructure Needs | Uses existing grid and facility capacity. Requires planning for electrical capacity upgrades | Uses existing fueling infrastructure; readily available diesel stations; minimal facility modifications |
| Operating Expense | Lower upfront purchase price; potential tax credits and rebates; lower TCO over equipment lifetime | Higher initial purchase cost; established financing options; no special incentives |